700-821 exam at a glance
Cisco IoT Essentials for System Engineers
| Exam code | 700-821 IOTSE |
|---|---|
| Duration | 60 minutes |
| Delivery | Online, unproctored |
| Exam cost | US$80 |
| Languages | English |
| Retake policy | After failing an online, unproctored Cisco 700-xxx exam, wait 48 hours before retaking the same exam. After passing, wait at least 180 days before taking an exam with the identical exam number again. |
Cisco IoT Essentials for System Engineers tests a candidate’s knowledge of Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching, Cisco Industrial Wireless, Cisco Industrial Routing, and Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard. Cisco identifies IoT Essentials for Systems Engineers as the official course for this exam.
Skills measured and their weighting
| Skill area | Weight |
|---|---|
| Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching | 30% |
| Cisco Industrial Wireless | 20% |
| Cisco Industrial Routing | 25% |
| Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard | 25% |
Source: cisco.com — official 700-821 IOTSE exam page and Cisco — official 700-821 IOTSE v2.1 exam topics. Figures were checked against Cisco’s official documentation. Confirm current details there before booking.
The full bank covers every domain, with timed mode and per-domain scoring.
700-821-IOTSE Practice Questions By Domains
4 domains covered1. Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching
5 free questions available
2. Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard
4 free questions available
3. Cisco Industrial Wireless
3 free questions available
4. Cisco Industrial Routing
3 free questions available
Practice the full exam, not a sample
Unlock the full bank and practise every domain end to end.
Unlock all 30 questionsCisco 700-821 IOTSE Practice Test
The Cisco 700-821 IOTSE practice test helps candidates check their understanding of industrial switching, industrial wireless, routing and gateways, and Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard. It is designed for learners who need to recognize product capabilities, management choices, deployment uses, and secure operational access without getting lost in unnecessary complexity. You can Access the full certification test collection when you want structured knowledge checks for this or another professional credential.
Cisco officially calls this assessment Cisco IoT Essentials for System Engineers v2.1 (700-821 IOTSE). The current public outline focuses on four technical areas: Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching, Cisco Industrial Wireless, Cisco Industrial Routing, and Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard. Candidates should understand what the main solution categories do, where they fit, and how they can address operational requirements.
This guide explains every official domain and percentage in student-friendly language. It also provides a practical study approach, common mistakes to avoid, and frequently asked questions. It does not reproduce protected Cisco exam items. Instead, it supports ethical preparation through original, blueprint-aligned practice.
What Is a Cisco 700-821 IOTSE Practice Test?
A Cisco 700-821 practice test is a learning and assessment resource based on Cisco’s public IOTSE objectives. It helps candidates determine whether they can describe industrial networking products, explain important functions, and choose an appropriate solution for a given operational scenario.
Industrial networks can connect machines, controllers, sensors, vehicles, field assets, remote facilities, and other operational systems. These environments may face heat, vibration, dust, moisture, distance, mobility, limited physical access, or strict availability requirements. A systems engineer must understand why industrial products exist and how their features support these conditions.
A useful practice assessment should help you answer questions such as:
- Which type of industrial switch fits the described environment?
- What capability is most important for the customer’s use case?
- Which power option supports the deployment requirement?
- Which management approach is appropriate?
- When does industrial wireless make sense?
- What are the roles of the Cisco IW6300 and IW9167?
- When is Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul relevant?
- Which industrial router or gateway category fits the scenario?
- How does SD-WAN support relate to industrial routers?
- What does IoT Operations Dashboard provide?
- How does Edge Device Manager support router and gateway operations?
- Why would Secure Equipment Access be useful?
The best mock questions require more than product-name recognition. They provide an environment, problem, or objective and ask the learner to select the capability that most directly fits.
Official Cisco 700-821 IOTSE Domains and Percentages
Cisco’s v2.1 blueprint contains four domains. Industrial Ethernet Switching is the largest at 30%. Industrial Routing and IoT Operations Dashboard each carry 25%, while Industrial Wireless represents 20%.
Domain 1: Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching 30%
Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching is the largest domain. Candidates need to understand the industrial-switch portfolio, major capabilities, power options, and management choices.
Why industrial Ethernet switching matters
Ethernet switching connects devices within a local network. In operational environments, those devices may include programmable logic controllers, sensors, cameras, robots, control systems, machines, and industrial computers.
An office switch and an industrial switch perform some similar networking functions, but the physical and operational requirements can differ. Industrial products may need to support demanding temperatures, vibration, electrical conditions, limited space, unusual mounting needs, or long service periods.
When reading a scenario, identify the environment before selecting a switch. Ask:
- Is the equipment installed in a protected room or near industrial operations?
- Are temperature, dust, moisture, or vibration concerns mentioned?
- Is space limited?
- Is continuous availability important?
- How will power be supplied?
- Who will manage the device?
- Does the customer need remote visibility?
These details often matter more than a familiar model name.
Describe the industrial-switch portfolio
The official objective expects candidates to describe the portfolio. Rather than memorizing every model without context, group products by the role they perform and the environment they support.
A portfolio-level understanding should help candidates distinguish among:
- compact switches for smaller deployments;
- fixed industrial switches for machines, cabinets, or field environments;
- higher-capacity platforms for larger industrial networks;
- products designed for particular environmental or mounting requirements;
- devices that support advanced management, security, or resiliency features.
Specific models and supported features can change over time. Use current Cisco datasheets and compatibility documentation for detailed design decisions. Practice tests should check selection principles and capabilities rather than encourage dependence on outdated specifications.
Explain industrial-switch capabilities
Important capabilities can include rugged design, industrial protocol support, traffic segmentation, security, redundancy, remote management, visibility, and Power over Ethernet.
Learn what each capability accomplishes:
- Ruggedization supports operation in challenging physical conditions.
- Segmentation separates traffic and can support security or operational design.
- Redundancy helps maintain connectivity when a link or component fails.
- Visibility helps teams understand devices, traffic, and network status.
- Remote management reduces the need for staff to visit every location.
- Power over Ethernet can deliver network connectivity and power through a suitable Ethernet connection.
In a scenario, choose the capability that solves the stated problem. Rugged hardware may be important outdoors, but it does not automatically answer a requirement for centralized management or network segmentation.
Understand availability and resiliency
Industrial operations can be sensitive to interruption. Network resiliency helps reduce the effect of link or device failures. Candidates should understand why fast recovery, redundant paths, and suitable network design can matter in operational environments.
A practice question may describe production downtime or an essential service. Read carefully to determine whether the requirement concerns physical durability, power resilience, path redundancy, or centralized monitoring. These are related but different issues.
Explain power-supply options
Cisco’s blueprint specifically includes power-supply options for industrial switches. Candidates should understand that different environments may provide AC or DC power and may require redundant supplies, external power arrangements, or Power over Ethernet capabilities.
Use a requirement-based approach:
- Identify the available power source.
- Determine whether power redundancy is required.
- Check whether connected endpoints need PoE.
- Confirm that the proposed switch and supply are supported together.
- Consider the physical and environmental installation requirements.
Do not assume that every industrial site has a normal office power arrangement. Product-specific voltage ranges, wattage, connectors, and environmental ratings should always be checked in current Cisco documentation.
Explain management options
Industrial switches may be managed locally or remotely through different interfaces and platforms. Candidates should understand the purpose of management methods rather than memorize screens.
Common management needs include:
- initial setup;
- monitoring device health;
- applying configuration consistently;
- managing several sites centrally;
- investigating connectivity problems;
- viewing connected assets;
- updating software;
- controlling access and maintaining security.
The correct management choice depends on the customer’s scale, staff, connectivity, and operating model. A small isolated site may have different requirements from an organization with hundreds of distributed devices.
Connect switch choices with customer outcomes
A systems engineer should explain why a switch characteristic matters. Instead of saying only that a switch is ruggedized, explain how that design supports dependable connectivity in the customer’s environment. Instead of listing centralized-management features, explain how they can reduce operational effort and improve visibility.
This feature-to-outcome connection is valuable for both practice questions and real customer conversations.
Domain 2: Cisco Industrial Wireless 20%
Industrial Wireless represents 20% of the outline. The official objectives focus on the IW6300, IW9167, and Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul.
Why industrial wireless is different
Wireless connectivity is useful where cabling is difficult, assets move, sites cover large areas, or deployment flexibility is important. Industrial wireless may support vehicles, machinery, outdoor equipment, temporary sites, warehouses, ports, mines, utilities, and other operational environments.
However, a wireless recommendation must consider:
- coverage area;
- interference;
- mobility;
- environmental conditions;
- bandwidth and latency needs;
- availability requirements;
- security;
- power and mounting;
- management and monitoring.
The best answer is not simply “use wireless.” It identifies the type of industrial wireless capability that fits the requirement.
Describe IW6300 capabilities
Candidates should understand the purpose and capabilities of the Cisco Catalyst IW6300 Heavy Duty Series Access Points at a high level. The platform is designed for demanding industrial and outdoor wireless environments.
For exam preparation, focus on the types of requirements it can address:
- rugged or outdoor installation;
- wireless access in industrial locations;
- connectivity for operational devices and users;
- integration with enterprise wireless management;
- secure wireless communication;
- deployments where normal indoor access points are unsuitable.
Avoid relying on memorized radio specifications without checking the latest datasheet. The blueprint asks candidates to describe capabilities, so understand where the product fits and the problems it can help solve.
Describe IW9167 capabilities
The IW9167 family supports industrial wireless use cases and can be associated with different operating approaches depending on the platform and software. Candidates should understand its role in rugged wireless connectivity and how it can support industrial access or backhaul scenarios.
A practice question may describe mobile assets, outdoor areas, reliable backhaul, or industrial Wi-Fi. Identify the primary requirement before deciding which capability matters.
Important preparation themes include:
- rugged deployment;
- flexible industrial wireless use;
- reliable connectivity across operational environments;
- support for access and backhaul scenarios;
- centralized management and visibility;
- integration with the broader network architecture.
Explain Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul
Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul, often shortened to Cisco URWB, is intended for highly reliable wireless connectivity in demanding operational scenarios. It can be relevant for moving assets, difficult-to-wire locations, or applications that require resilient communications.
Candidates should understand the value rather than treating URWB as ordinary Wi-Fi. Typical opportunity signals may include:
- vehicles or machines that must remain connected while moving;
- large outdoor sites;
- ports, mines, rail, manufacturing, or logistics operations;
- limited cabling options;
- applications that are sensitive to interruption;
- a need for resilient wireless paths.
Qualify an industrial wireless use case
Before recommending a solution, ask:
- What is moving, and how fast?
- Which applications use the connection?
- What happens if connectivity is briefly lost?
- How large is the coverage area?
- Which obstacles or interference sources exist?
- Is the installation indoors, outdoors, or both?
- How will the devices be powered and mounted?
- Who will operate and monitor the network?
These questions turn a broad request for “better wireless” into a clear technical and operational requirement.
Avoid overpromising
Wireless performance depends on design, spectrum conditions, placement, configuration, and the physical environment. A systems engineer should position capabilities accurately and involve wireless-design expertise for detailed planning.
Practice questions may include unrealistic promises as distractors. Prefer the option that considers requirements and proper design.
Domain 3: Cisco Industrial Routing 25%
Cisco Industrial Routing accounts for one-quarter of the exam outline. Candidates should know the router and gateway portfolio, understand important functionality, and explain SD-WAN support on industrial routers.
Understand industrial routers and gateways
Industrial routers and gateways connect operational sites or devices with other networks, data centers, applications, or cloud services. They can provide routing, security, management, and protocol or connectivity functions at the edge.
These products may be installed in remote, outdoor, mobile, utility, transportation, or industrial locations. Therefore, product selection can depend on physical design, available interfaces, WAN options, cellular support, security, and manageability.
Describe the portfolio by use case
The portfolio should be studied by role rather than as a list of model numbers. Useful categories include:
- routers for compact or remote industrial sites;
- platforms supporting cellular WAN connectivity;
- rugged routers for transportation, utilities, or outdoor environments;
- gateways that connect operational assets with applications;
- devices that support centralized policy and management;
- platforms designed for edge workloads or application hosting.
Specific models and licenses can change, so verify current product details through Cisco before making a design recommendation.
Explain router functionality
Important functions can include:
- routing between local and remote networks;
- secure WAN connectivity;
- cellular or other WAN access;
- virtual private networking;
- firewall or security services;
- network segmentation;
- centralized management;
- telemetry and monitoring;
- edge application support;
- connectivity for industrial protocols or devices.
Not every platform provides every capability. In practice questions, match the requirement with the appropriate function and product category.
Distinguish switching and routing roles
Candidates sometimes confuse industrial switches and routers. A switch mainly connects devices within a local network, while a router connects different networks and can provide WAN or edge services.
A factory floor may use switches to connect machines locally and a router to connect the site securely to a data center or cloud service. Some devices combine several functions, but the logical roles remain useful for choosing the right answer.
Understand gateway functionality
Gateways can help operational devices exchange information with applications or services. Depending on the solution, they may support protocol translation, data collection, edge processing, secure communication, or application hosting.
When a question refers to legacy equipment, local data processing, or connecting operational data with business systems, gateway functionality may be relevant. Identify whether the main need is local connectivity, WAN routing, data transformation, or edge computing.
Explain SD-WAN support on industrial routers
The official blueprint specifically includes SD-WAN support. SD-WAN applies centralized policy, visibility, and intelligent WAN management across distributed locations.
For industrial environments, potential benefits can include:
- consistent WAN policy across many sites;
- centralized visibility;
- simplified deployment and management;
- use of multiple transport options;
- secure connection of remote operations;
- improved control of application traffic.
Candidates should understand where SD-WAN fits, not just what the initials mean. A customer with many remote industrial sites and inconsistent WAN management may benefit more than a single isolated local network with no WAN requirement.
Consider cellular and remote-site needs
Some operational locations have no practical wired WAN connection. Cellular connectivity can support remote or temporary sites, vehicles, field equipment, and backup connectivity.
A systems engineer should ask about coverage, carrier availability, data use, antennas, mounting, environmental conditions, security, and the criticality of the link. Cellular is an option, not a guarantee of coverage or performance.
Candidates can Access exam-style questions for Cisco credentials when planning further vendor-specific practice while keeping Cisco’s official outline as the main topic checklist.
Domain 4: Cisco IoT Operations Dashboard 25%
IoT Operations Dashboard represents 25% of the official blueprint. This domain covers dashboard functionality and architecture, Edge Device Manager, and Secure Equipment Access.
What IoT Operations Dashboard addresses
Industrial networks can contain many devices across locations that are difficult or expensive to visit. Operations teams need a clear way to deploy, monitor, manage, and troubleshoot those assets.
IoT Operations Dashboard provides cloud-based operational capabilities for supported industrial networking environments. At a high level, its value can include centralized visibility, simplified management, remote operations, and support for distributed deployments.
In a practice scenario, clues may include:
- many remote routers or gateways;
- limited on-site technical staff;
- slow device deployment;
- expensive site visits;
- difficulty maintaining consistent configuration;
- a need for controlled remote equipment access;
- poor visibility into operational network status.
Understand the dashboard architecture
Candidates should understand the main architectural idea without turning their study into a developer-level design. A cloud dashboard communicates with supported services and edge devices to provide management or operational functions.
Learn the roles of:
- the cloud-based dashboard;
- supported industrial routers or gateways;
- edge-management components;
- users and administrative roles;
- secure communication between management services and devices;
- equipment or applications reached through secure-access features.
Architecture questions often test direction and responsibility. Identify which component provides centralized control, which device sits at the operational edge, and how authorized users interact with the environment.
Edge Device Manager
The official objective asks candidates to explain Edge Device Manager, commonly abbreviated EDM, and how it can deploy and manage routers and gateways.
EDM supports operational tasks for supported edge devices. Candidates should understand how it can help teams onboard, configure, monitor, and maintain distributed routers or gateways through the broader IoT Operations Dashboard environment.
The customer value may include:
- faster deployment;
- greater consistency;
- reduced manual effort;
- centralized visibility;
- fewer site visits;
- easier ongoing device management.
A practice question may ask which capability helps a customer deploy or manage many remote industrial routers. Look for the answer that addresses lifecycle operations rather than a local switching or wireless function.
Deploy and manage routers and gateways
At a high level, device management involves preparing supported devices, connecting them with the appropriate management service, applying configuration, monitoring status, and maintaining them over time.
Candidates should understand the workflow and purpose. Exact steps, supported versions, and licensing can change, so current Cisco deployment guides remain the authority for implementation.
Secure Equipment Access
Secure Equipment Access provides a controlled method for authorized users to reach operational equipment remotely. This can reduce the need for direct site visits while avoiding broad, uncontrolled network access.
The value is especially clear when a specialist needs to troubleshoot equipment at a remote site. Instead of creating a permanent open pathway, the organization can provide managed access based on appropriate authorization.
Important ideas include:
- identity and authorization;
- controlled access to specified equipment;
- auditability;
- reduced exposure compared with unmanaged methods;
- support for remote maintenance or troubleshooting;
- coordination among operations, IT, and external specialists.
Match management capabilities with operational problems
Use this simple decision method:
- If the problem is deploying and managing supported routers or gateways, consider EDM-related capabilities.
- If the problem is giving an authorized person controlled remote access to equipment, consider Secure Equipment Access.
- If the problem is general centralized operational visibility, consider the broader IoT Operations Dashboard.
This distinction prevents candidates from selecting a familiar dashboard feature that does not solve the stated problem.
Security and governance still matter
Remote management improves efficiency but must be controlled. Customers should define who can access devices, what actions are permitted, how access is recorded, and how responsibilities are separated.
Practice questions may include a convenient but insecure option. Choose the approach that supports both operational need and controlled access.
How the Four IOTSE Domains Work Together
The blueprint describes a connected industrial-network architecture:
- Industrial Ethernet Switching connects devices and systems within operational locations.
- Industrial Wireless connects assets where mobility, distance, or physical conditions make cabling difficult.
- Industrial Routing links sites and edge environments with other networks or applications.
- IoT Operations Dashboard helps teams manage distributed devices and provide controlled remote access.
A single scenario can involve all four. For example, a remote facility may use industrial switches locally, wireless for moving assets, a rugged router for WAN connectivity, and IoT Operations Dashboard for remote management.
Mixed practice questions help candidates see these relationships. If you study each domain in isolation, it can be difficult to understand the complete solution.
How to Use a Cisco 700-821 Practice Test Effectively
Begin with a mixed diagnostic set covering all four domains. Do not look at the answers before completing it. The aim is to find genuine knowledge gaps.
After the attempt, classify every mistake:
- confused a switch with a router;
- selected office equipment for an industrial environment;
- missed a power requirement;
- misunderstood a management option;
- confused wireless access with backhaul;
- overlooked mobility or resiliency requirements;
- did not recognize an SD-WAN opportunity;
- mixed up EDM and Secure Equipment Access;
- focused on a product name instead of the stated function.
Next, return to the official objective and explain it in your own words. Draw a simple diagram when the relationship between components is unclear. Then answer a new question on the same topic.
Use the domain percentages to divide your study time. Industrial Ethernet Switching deserves the largest block at 30%. Routing and IoT Operations Dashboard each need substantial attention at 25%, while Industrial Wireless still represents an important 20%.
Cisco lists the assessment duration as 60 minutes. Once you understand the material, complete timed practice sessions to improve pacing. Read technical details carefully, but avoid spending too long on one difficult item.
Build Practical Confidence From Every Knowledge Check
This heading replaces the repeated “What you get when you prepare with us” wording while retaining the required learner-benefit section. Structured IOTSE preparation can provide:
- Complete blueprint coverage: questions across all four official domains;
- Domain-level feedback: a clear view of whether switching, wireless, routing, or operations needs more review;
- Scenario reasoning: practice matching operational needs with suitable capabilities;
- Clear explanations: simple guidance on why an answer fits;
- Stronger product understanding: knowledge of roles and functions without unnecessary detail;
- Architecture awareness: better understanding of how switches, wireless, routers, gateways, and dashboard services connect;
- Improved pacing: experience answering within a planned time limit;
- Ethical preparation: original questions based on public objectives rather than copied Cisco content.
The best outcome is not merely memorizing terms. It is being able to look at an industrial environment, identify the main requirement, and explain which Cisco capability can address it. Learners seeking wider certification support can Access exam resources for career development while continuing to verify product information through Cisco.
A Four-Week Cisco 700-821 IOTSE Study Plan
Week 1: Industrial switching foundation
Study the industrial-switch portfolio, physical requirements, core capabilities, power choices, and management options. Build a comparison table showing what changes between office and industrial switching.
Complete a focused practice set and review every explanation.
Week 2: Industrial wireless
Review industrial wireless requirements, IW6300, IW9167, and Cisco URWB. Practise distinguishing wireless access from wireless backhaul and identifying mobility or resiliency needs.
Create three example scenarios: a factory, a moving vehicle, and a large outdoor site. Explain which wireless requirements differ.
Week 3: Industrial routing and gateways
Study router and gateway portfolio roles, WAN functions, security, cellular connectivity, edge use, and SD-WAN support.
Draw a small network showing local switches, an industrial router, WAN connectivity, and a remote application. Complete routing-focused questions at the end of the week.
Week 4: IoT Operations Dashboard and mixed review
Review dashboard architecture, EDM, router and gateway lifecycle management, and Secure Equipment Access. Practise matching each tool with the correct operational problem.
Finish with mixed, timed assessments. Review performance by domain and confirm the latest official Cisco outline before relying on your final checklist.
Common Preparation Mistakes
Memorizing models without learning their roles
Model knowledge can help, but the exam objectives emphasize capabilities and functions. Learn where each product category fits.
Treating industrial networking as ordinary office networking
Operational environments may introduce temperature, vibration, mobility, safety, remote access, and availability requirements that affect the design.
Confusing switches, routers, and gateways
Switches connect devices locally. Routers connect networks and WAN services. Gateways can connect operational assets with applications or provide edge functions.
Assuming all wireless is the same
Indoor Wi-Fi access, rugged industrial access, and ultra-reliable wireless backhaul address different requirements. Study the use case before choosing.
Ignoring power and mounting
Industrial deployments depend on available power, redundancy, physical location, and supported installation. These details can determine whether a product fits.
Mixing up EDM and Secure Equipment Access
EDM supports router and gateway deployment and management. Secure Equipment Access provides controlled remote access to equipment.
Relying on old product specifications
Models, features, licenses, and supported versions can change. Use current Cisco documentation for precise technical details.
Repeating questions without studying mistakes
A higher score can result from remembering wording. Review the underlying objective and practise with varied scenarios.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Cisco 700-821 IOTSE?
It is the Cisco IoT Essentials for System Engineers v2.1 assessment. Cisco states that it covers Industrial Ethernet Switching, Industrial Wireless, Industrial Routing, and IoT Operations Dashboard.
What are the official domain percentages?
Industrial Ethernet Switching is 30%, Industrial Wireless is 20%, Industrial Routing is 25%, and IoT Operations Dashboard is 25%.
Which IOTSE domain is the largest?
Cisco Industrial Ethernet Switching is the largest domain at 30%.
Who should use an IOTSE practice test?
It is useful for systems engineers, presales professionals, Cisco partners, industrial-networking learners, and candidates preparing for the 700-821 assessment.
Is the exam focused on detailed configuration?
The public objectives mainly use verbs such as describe and explain. Candidates need solid technical understanding, but the published outline emphasizes product capabilities, functionality, architecture, and management rather than command-by-command configuration.
Which wireless products are named in the blueprint?
Cisco’s current topic document names the IW6300, IW9167, and Cisco Ultra-Reliable Wireless Backhaul solution.
What does the routing domain cover?
It covers the industrial router and gateway portfolio, router and gateway functionality, and SD-WAN support on industrial routers.
What does IoT Operations Dashboard cover?
The domain includes dashboard functionality and architecture, Edge Device Manager for supported routers and gateways, and the architecture of Secure Equipment Access.
How should beginners start preparing?
Begin by learning the roles of industrial switches, access points, wireless backhaul, routers, and gateways. Then study how IoT Operations Dashboard manages the distributed environment.
Should practice questions copy the Cisco assessment?
No. Ethical practice resources use original questions based on the public blueprint. The purpose is to develop knowledge and reasoning, not reproduce protected content.
Where should candidates verify current information?
Use Cisco’s official 700-821 IOTSE exam page and IOTSE exam-topics PDF. Cisco also provides partner training through Cisco SalesConnect.